نشریه مدیریت ارتقای سلامت
سال سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 9، زمستان 1392)

Periodic attacks of migraine can cause some dysfunctionality such as long-term absence from work، mood change، sleep disturbances and ultimately change in quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational program based on «Orem Self Care Model» on quality of life in patients with migraine. In this quasi-experimental study، 42 patients with migraine were selected by convenience sampling referred to one of the traditional medical clinic of Tehran. The data were collected with demographic data questionnaire and «Quality of Life Questionnaire for Patients with Migraine». The questionnaire was validated by content validity of ten experts and two neurologist physician. Reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by test-retest method. Orem''s Self-Care Educational Program، was performed according to the patient needs during 2 hours in four sessions. The quality of life was measured in two stages before and 8 week after the study. Data were analyzed with SPSS/14. Average score of functions for the «physical» and «mental» status of the health، was increased before and after the study and it was significant (P=0. 001). In addition، there was a significant difference، between mean scores of overall quality of life، before and after the study (P=0. 049). Self-care educational program، based on «Ore m Self Care Model» and patients’ self-care needs، improves quality of life in the patients with migraine. It is recommended that this model be used to improve the quality of life in these patients.

Abstract

Organizational culture and employee attitude towards information technology are considered as the factors influencing successful implementation of information systems. The aim of this research was to determine the related factors to Hospital Information System (HIS) acceptance according to Competing Values Framework.

In this descriptive-correlative study، the conceptual model was proposed according to the related literature، and it was confirmed by the views of 7 experts. The two-part questionnaire including «HIS Acceptance» and «Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument» with total of 90 questions was developed based on the model variables. The validity of the questionnaire was obtained by content validity ratio، and its reliability was measured by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha. The research data was gathered through distributing the questionnaires among 400 users of HIS in the considered hospitals by using stratified sampling method. To test the conceptual model، Structural Equation Modeling and path analysis methods were used by applying LISREL Software version 8. 7.

The Normed Chi Square Index (1. 88) showed that the model had fitness with the gathered data. The indices included Goodness of Fit Index=0. 98، Comparative Fit index= 0. 98، Adjusted Goodness of Fit index=0. 94، Root Mean Square Error of Approximation= 0. 047. According to the research model، the correlation of developmental culture and Perceived Usefulness (P=0. 020) and the correlation of developmental، also hierarchical cultures and HIS use (P=0. 019) were statistically significant.

The results of testing the research model indicated that developmental and hierarchical cultures are related to HIS acceptance. In order to facilitate and improve HIS acceptance، it is recommended that the related authorities embark on fostering an environment with tendency towards developmental and hierarchical culture in the hospitals.

Self-care behaviors of heart failure patients is essential for optimal disease management. Social support can influence treatment adherence of patients with chronic illnesses. The aim of this study was to determine correlation between perceived social support and self-care behaviors of patients with heart failure.

In this descriptive correlational study، 170 patients with heart failure who were admitted in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were selected with purposive sampling method. Data were collected with 3 instruments: 1- Demographic and clinical questionnaire، 2- «Perceived Social Support Questionnaire» 3- «European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale». Content and face validity of instruments were evaluated. Reliability of instruments were evaluated with internal consistency and test re-test methods. The range of Cronbach''s alpha of «Perceived Social Support Questionnaire» in various dimensions were 0. 84-0. 91 and with test re-test method reliability values was 0. 92. Also reliability of «European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale» with internal consistency and test re-test methods was 0. 84 and 0. 91 respectively. Data for this study were collected in morning and evening shifts through interview and were analyzed with SPSS/18 software.

Results showed mean scores of perceived social support and self-care behaviors was 56. 13±16. 7 and 39. 35±12. 3 respectively. Subjects received the largest amount of emotional، instrumental، informational and appraisal support from their spouse. The largest part of perceived social support was related to emotional support. Based on Pearson correlation coefficient test There was a direct and significant correlation between perceived social support and its dimensions with self-care behaviors (p<0. 001).

The findings suggest a direct and significant correlation with perceived social support and self-care behaviors in patients with heart failure.

The identification of risk factors and their interactions are very important in medical studies. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors interactions in children with Cerebral Palsy using multifactor dimensionality reduction method. In this descriptive study، the data of 225 children aged 1-6 years during 2008 to 2009، were used. Balanced accuracy index in multifactor dimensionality reduction method was used to identify interactions. Data analysis was performed using the R software، version 2. 15. 2. Logistic regression analysis showed that only the history of current pregnancy (P=0. 002) and asphyxia (P<0. 001) were significantly associated with cerebral palsy. The identified interaction of the factors by the method of multifactor dimensionality reduction was asphyxia: consanguinity: pre-term delivery with balance accuracy، 92. 145. The multifactor dimensionality reduction method، as a new approach، enables users to identify risk factors interactions، such as cerebral palsy. Use of this method in further study is recommended.

Abstract

Total quality management (TQM) focuses on the customers'' satisfaction and effectiveness focuses on carrying out proper or right tasks in organization. The aim of this study was to determine the application of Total Quality Management and its correlation with the effectiveness of physical education management at the universities of medical sciences.

In this descriptive-correlational study، 92 male and female physical education experts that employed in 25 universities of medical sciences were selected and recruited based on stratified sampling. The data were collected through the «Questionnaires of Total Quality Management» and «Questionnaires of Effectiveness». The content validity of the questionnaires was determined based on the specialists’ views; and the reliability of the questionnaires was estimated using Cronbach''s alpha. The data were analyzed applying descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS/14.

The results indicated that there was a significant difference between applying TQM)P=0. 001 (in physical education programs at the universities and effectiveness (P=0. 003(among the study population. On the other hand، there was a significant correlation between the participants regarding TQM and effectiveness of physical education management (P=0. 001).

A significant positive relationship between TQM and effectiveness can lead to a successful organization. It is suggested that the principles of TQM be instructed to the employees so that the maximum level in total quality management would be achieved. In order to obtain high effectiveness، motivation for team work، and involvement in performing tasks among the employees should be improved.

Decrease of physical activity، is one of the most important problems in modern societies. Different factors are related to physical activity which attitude is of high importance. The aim of this study was to determine correlation between attitude، subjective -norm، self-efficacy، intention to physical activity in female students In this descriptive- correlational study a total of 444 female students were selected by stratified sampling method at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. A questionnaire was used for data collection including demographic variables، attitude، subjective norms، self-efficacy and intention towards regular physical activity. Content and face validity were confirmed and the reliability of the instrument was determined by internal consistency and test-retest methods. Cronbach''s alpha for each item was determined as follows: Attitude (α = 0. 92)، Subjective norms (α = 0. 85) and Control of Perceived Behavior (α = 0. 92). Data analysis was done by SPSS/15 using descriptive statistics such as mean، standard deviation، frequency distribution، and analytic statistics including regression، T-test and ANOVA. A P-value =0. 05 was considered statistically significant. The results of this study showed that the majority of students had positive attitude towards physical activity. Also attitude was found correlated directly and significantly with subjective norm، self-efficacy and intention to physical activity. However، BMI and economic status were not related to attitude towards physical activity. The results of the current study showed that perception of subjective norm، self-efficacy and intention can help to motivate students to do physical activities. Therefore، it is recommended to provide educational programs for the students in order to improve regular physical activities.

Abstract Problems related to physical activities have reduced humans health. The aim of this study was to determine the benefits and barriers of physical activity in age groups of East Azerbaijan Province. This research is a descriptive - comparative study. In this study 240 participants (73 adolescents، 78 youth and 89 adults)، with 52. 5% female and the rest were men from three cities of East Azerbaijan province were selected by cluster random sampling. Participants completed demographic information and the «Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale» (EBBS) with 43 items. Validity and reliability of this questionnaire was obtained in Iran. Also، in this research، validity by Cronbach''s alpha was measured and data was analysis by SPSS/15. The highest priorities of all ages on the benefits were psychological aspects and physical performance of physical activity. With regard to barriers، environment and cost of physical activity had higher priorities. There were significant differences among three groups (adolescents، youth and adults) in benefits (P>0. 005، F (10، 466) =4. 815) and barriers (P>0. 005، F (8، 468) =6. 379) of physical activity. Also، there were significant differences among female and male in barriers (P>0. 005، F(4، 235) = 8. 798). Results showed priorities of age and sex groups are different from each other. it is suggested that women should be provided suitable space for physical activity.

Abstract

Performance appraisal is an essential process in health care organizations to ensure that the quality of care goal is met. The aim of this study was to determine the most important dimensions of performance appraisal from the perspective of nursing researchers.

In this review study، the published articles from 2002–2012 were assessed. In order to achieve related evidences، electronic search was done in both English and Persian language by using the key words; appraisal، nurse، assessment، evaluation in the following databases: Magiran، SID، IranMedex، PubMed، Science Direct، InterScienc، Ovid، ProQuest and Google.

Search results in multiple sites covering 10 Persian articles on nurses’ performance appraisal in the last 10 years in Iran. There was not found any related article in English language. 5 studies (50%)، mainly considered the following topics: relationship between performance appraisal and variables such as job satisfaction، job motivation، job rotation and managers’ education. 5 (50%) of the studies were conducted in Tehran، 2 of them (20%) were quasi experimental and 8 studies were quantitative study.

Performance appraisal is associated with job satisfaction، motivation and identification of nurses’ training needs. Objectives in appraisal، appropriate implementation and training can play a significant role in the success of this system.